If you have a mortgage with an escrow account, it is required by regulation that your escrow account be “analyzed” yearly. It is analyzed yearly to determine if a shortage, deficiency or surplus exists.
How does my escrow account affect my monthly mortgage payment?
Every year, disbursements are made from your escrow account on your behalf to pay items such as property taxes, homeowners insurance and private mortgage insurance. Every month, a part of your monthly mortgage payment goes into your escrow account if you have chosen to escrow.
1. Ideal World:
a. All of the actual disbursement amounts are known. To analyze your escrow account, the total cost of the items you are escrowing for are added together and then divided by twelve months.
b. This provides the projected amount needed on a monthly basis to cover your annual escrow disbursements for the current escrow year. This amount is added to your regular monthly principal and interest payment to come up with your monthly mortgage payment.
c. An example may help.
i. Let’s say you have property taxes of $500.00 due in both May and October, and insurance of $900.00 due in December. Therefore, the total amount of disbursements from your escrow account will be $1,900.00.
ii. To figure the monthly escrow payments, we take the total of the property taxes and insurance of $1,900.00 divided by twelve months equals $158.33. This is your monthly escrow payment. This amount is added to your principal and interest payment to equal your new monthly loan payment.
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Real World – Shortage:
a. In the real world, we will not have the actual amount to be paid in the next year for all of your escrowed items. An example would be homeowners insurance payable in December. An estimated amount or the same amount as prior year (also known as the projected disbursement) will be used to anticipate how much your insurance will cost. The projected insurance amount is factored into your monthly escrow payment and therefore affects your monthly mortgage payment.
b. In December, if the amount paid for your insurance is greater than what was projected, it will cause a shortage in your escrow account. This shortage will need to be paid back to the escrow account.
c. When escrow analyzing occurs next year, the shortage caused by the insurance will be added to the annual amount needed for your escrowed items for the next year.
d. Again, an example may help.
i. Using the same example as in the “Ideal World” above, we have property taxes of $500.00 due in both May and October, and projected insurance of $900.00 due in December, again for a total of $1,900.00. The escrow payment collected each month is $158.33.
ii. However, the insurance paid is $1,000.00 instead of $900.00 causing a shortage of $100.00 in the escrow account.
iii. When the escrow account is analyzed next June, the analysis will add the $100.00 shortage to the annual escrow amount needed for that year’s property taxes and insurance.
iv. We take the annual escrow amount needed, divide by twelve months to figure the monthly escrow payment amount.
v. Assuming the property taxes stay at $500.00 for both May and October, and insurance of $1,000.00 plus the $100.00 shortage from the prior year, the total annual escrow amount is $2,100.00. The monthly escrow payment is $2,100.00 divided by twelve months for $175.00. This amount is added to your principal and interest payment to equal your new monthly loan payment.
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Real World – Surplus:
a. Again In the real world, we will not have the actual amount to be paid in the next year for all of your escrowed items. An estimated amount or the same amount as prior year (also known as the projected disbursement) will be used to anticipate how much your insurance will cost. The projected insurance amount is factored into your monthly escrow payment and therefore affects your monthly mortgage payment.
b. In December, if the amount paid for your insurance is less than what was projected, it will cause a surplus in your escrow account.
c. When escrow analyzing occurs, if the surplus caused by the insurance it will be deducted from the annual amount needed for your escrowed items for the next year.
d. Example – Surplus Check Issued:
i. Using the same example as in the “Ideal World” above, we have property taxes of $500.00 due in both May and October, and projected insurance of $900.00 due in December, again for a total of $1,900.00. The escrow payment collected each month is $158.33.
ii. However, the insurance paid is $875.00 instead of $900.00 causing a surplus of $25.00 in the escrow account.
iii. When the escrow account is analyzed next June, the analysis will deduct the $25.00 surplus from the annual escrow amount needed for that year’s property taxes and insurance.
iv. We take the annual escrow amount needed, divide by twelve months to figure the monthly escrow payment amount.
v. Assuming the property taxes stay at $500.00 for both May and October, and homeowners insurance of $875.00. The total annual escrow amount is $1,875.00. The monthly escrow payment is $1,875.00 less the $25.00 surplus divided by twelve months for $154.16. This amount is added to your principal and interest payment to equal your new monthly loan payment.
When you receive your yearly escrow analysis statement
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Be sure you review it.
a. The Projection sheet is a projection of what will be disbursed for your property taxes and insurance over the coming year. The projected payments needed to cover those disbursements.
b. The Account History sheet is what actually happened in your escrow account in the past year. It includes the actual payments paid into it and the actual disbursements for property taxes and insurance.
c. Keep in mind that your escrow account is a cumulative account. Therefore, if you were short in your escrow account last year, the shortage will cause an increase to your monthly escrow payment for this year and your monthly mortgage payment.
By: Judy Johnson, Assistant Financial Officer
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